2023年7月19日 • 6分钟
文章内容
If you’re expecting a child, you may find yourself thinking ahead to college. 的 cost of tuition continues to rise at public and private universities alike, with full-time in-state students at a public four-year university in California paying an average of $15,2023年的学杂费为642美元. 与此同时, tuition and fees at private universities in California cost an average of $45,同年382.1
的 price of higher education doesn’t have to mean racking up tens of thousands of dollars in debt. With college savings programs such as 529年计划s and the Coverdell education savings account (previously known as an 教育 爱尔兰共和军), you can help your student offset the cost as soon as they’re born.
A 大学储蓄账户 is designed to help you save for elementary, 中等及高等教育费用. 的 最好的大学储蓄账户类型, like a 529年计划 or Coverdell教育储蓄帐户 (ESA), offer tax-advantaged strategies2 that may help you accumulate more money over time.
当然，还有其他选择来帮助支付大学学费. Some families may use a custodial account (UTMA/UGMA), savings bonds or a Roth 爱尔兰共和军. 经济援助——包括 奖学金 ——当你的孩子准备好上大学的时候也可以.
How do you decide which college savings option is right for your baby? 寻找税收优惠的最佳组合, financial benefits and flexibility while keeping to your overall financial needs.
A Coverdell教育储蓄帐户 is a tax-deferred trust account created by the US government to help families fund educational expenses for beneficiaries, who must be under the age of 18 when the account is established. (This age restriction may be waived for special needs beneficiaries.) 的 total maximum contribution per year for any single beneficiary is $2,000.
Coverdell esa可用于支付合格的小学, 中等及高等教育费用 — and withdrawals made for these expenses are tax-free. 学生必须在30岁之前支付学费.
与Coverdell esa相关的收入限制. 如果你的调整后总收入(MAGI)超过220美元,000美元用于联合申报, 你没有资格参加这个计划.
哪个大学储蓄计划适合你的孩子? 寻找税收优惠的最佳组合, financial benefits and flexibility.”
以《太阳集团平台》第529条命名, 529年计划s are investment accounts that allow you to set aside money for qualified education expenses without paying taxes on your earnings or interest on those savings.
任何人都可以向该账户捐款, 就像科弗戴尔ESA, 这些资金可用于教育费用.
开设529计划或Coverdell ESA相对简单. 首先，您需要选择提供者. 你需要考虑到计划的质量和成本, including enrollment fees and minimum contribution amounts before you decide. If you’re still unsure which college savings plan is right for you, contact a Patelco注册金融专家 来帮助回顾你的目标.
下一个, 在这种情况下，你需要指定受益人, your baby — for the account and provide their date of birth and Social Security number. 这些账户大多可以在网上建立.
Once you’ve provided the required information, you’ll want to choose where to invest your money. Most experts will recommend using aged-based funds where the assets are adjusted automatically based on the child’s age.
Anyone can be the beneficiary of a 529年计划 as long as they are a US citizen or resident alien and have a Social Security number or tax identification number. 您可以随时更改受益人而不受罚款.
如果你要建立一个科弗戴尔ESA, the designated beneficiary must be under the age of 18 unless they are a Special Needs Beneficiary. 您每年可更改指定受益人一次, 但他们必须是受益人的家庭成员.
A 529年计划 offers the most flexibility for investing: 的re isn’t an annual contribution limit, but each 529年计划 has a total lifetime contribution limit set by the state. California has one of the highest aggregate limits in the country: $529,000.
For Coverdell ESAs, the maximum annual contribution to any one beneficiary is $2,000.
是的, 祖父母可以帮助支付大学学费. 事实上, anyone can contribute to a 529年计划 or Coverdell ESA as long as the contributions do not exceed designated limits.
大学 savings accounts can affect 经济援助计划 — but the impact varies based on the type of plan and whose name the plan is under. 学生 assets and income are weighted more heavily than parent’s assets when calculating the expected family contribution (EFC) for financial aid. While grandparent-owned accounts aren’t used to calculate the EFC, disbursements from the grandparents’ accounts are treated as student income and may significantly impact your child’s eligibility for financial aid.
You won’t be penalized for having leftover funds in a 529年计划 after your child graduates or leaves college. If you withdraw your funds and use them for non-qualified expenses, 然而, you’ll have to pay income tax and a 529 withdrawal penalty on the earnings portion.
如果你的孩子有一个Coverdell ESA并且没有上大学, they can withdraw the money from the account and pay taxes on the withdrawal. Any remaining funds will be automatically distributed to them when they turn 30.
你也有其他选择. 的se plans allow you to withdraw funds to pay for vocational school, 贸易学院和研究生院, 还有小学和中学. 这些资金最多可以用来支付10美元,000美元的学生贷款债务, 校外住房, 书籍及所需资料, 还有食物和膳食计划.
529年计划s allow you to 变更受益人 to another child, so you could use the funds to pay for their education expenses or their student loans.
为大学或职业培训的费用发愁. Find sources of 奖学金 for high school students to help you achieve your education goals.
Follow these tips on basic financial planning to get money smart while you’re in college. 学习如何正确地开始你的财务健康!
为大学存钱? 了解税收优惠的选择, how they affect financial aid so you can determine the best way for you to save for college!
1 来源:美国大学理事会，《太阳集团平台》.
2 Patelco does not provide tax advice; please consult your tax advisor.
